Teacher Training - Earth & Space Sciences - PreTest

The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it, and is deposited in a new location is called ______________.

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil is called ___________.

________________ rocks come from other rocks that have been worn down by wind, rain and snow.

______________ rocks are formed by solidification of cooled magma either below (plutonic) or above (volcanic) the surface of the earth.

_____________ rocks, often found in mountainous regions, are made by either heating up or squashing the earth’s crust.

_______________ is the direct heat transfer from one substance to another, for example, ice melting in your hand.

The heat from the sun is a transfer of energy through empty space, which is called ________________.

___________________ takes place when water vapor in the air changes from a gas, back into a liquid form, and leaves the atmosphere, returning to the surface of the Earth.

_________________ is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor.

The term _______________ refers to any natural resource, such as wood or solar energy, that can be replenished naturally with the passage of time.

Coal, crude oil, and natural gas are all considered _____________ fuels because they were formed from the buried remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.

All ___________ fuels are nonrenewable, but not all nonrenewable energy sources are __________ fuels.

Mrs. Leavitt explained to her 5th-grade science students, “____________ is the defined as the daily state of the atmosphere, or air, in any given place.”

Mr. Sander is a first-year teacher at Hollyland Elementary. He recently explained to his 4th-grade class that ____________ is defined as the average of weather conditions in an area over a long period.

During a discussion in Mr. Fisher’s 6th-grade science class, a student explained that the geological process most responsible for soil formation is called ___________.

Mrs. Leavitt explained to her 4th-grade science class that soil formation begins with the weathering of _______.

During the 5th-grade science fair, Jennifer explained that a mixture of tiny rock particles, minerals, and decaying plant and animal materials is called _____________.

At the 5th-grade science fair, Ramona explained that a mixture of tiny rock particles, __________, and decaying plant and animal materials is called soil.

Of the answers provided, the soil with the largest particles is _________.

Mrs. Leavitt explained to her 4th-grade science class that water is less likely to percolate quickly through ________.

Miss Barton explained to her 4th-grade science students that ___________ is an important part of soil because it contains nutrients that feed plants.

Mr. Berendt explained to his 5th-grade science students, “An example of ________________ the Greenhouse Effect, the direct heat transfer from air, which is a fluid.”

At the 7th-grade science fair, Maura explained why the ______________ is the home of all known life that has ever existed in the entire universe.

The collective mass of gases that surrounds the Earth or another planet is called ____________.

The ________________ is the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere, where temperature increases with altitude because of the presence of the ozone layer.

___________ clouds have flat bases and are often described as “puffy”, “cotton-like” or “fluffy” in appearance.

___________ clouds are the thin, wispy clouds seen high in the sky. They are thin because they are made of ice crystals instead of water droplets.

The word _________ means a cloud that already has rain or snow falling from it. These clouds are dark and seen during a thunderstorm along with thunder and lightning.

A _____________ is a large rotating storm with high speed winds that forms over warm waters in tropical areas.

The _____________ is a popular nautical term that refers to a belt of calm and light winds between the northern and southern trade winds of the Atlantic and Pacific.

____________ blow from east to west above and below the equator; “they rode the __________ going west”

An instrument used to measure wind speed is called ________________.

An instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure is called ________________.

Molten, or hot liquefied, rock located deep below the Earth’s surface is called _________.

A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of _________ rock (magma) below the surface of the earth.

A narrow, deep valley cut by a river through rock is called ___________.

The shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface is called ______________.

A ___________ is a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or a volcanic explosion.

An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those generated by earthquakes, is called a _______________.

An underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, or other materials like gravel, sand, silt, or clay, is called _____________.

Mr. Tacker demonstrated to his 3rd-grade science students how the sun is positioned at the center of our _______________.

The _______________, believed to be at least 10 billion light years in diameter, contains a vast number of galaxies and has been expanding since its creation.

Mr. Berendt explained to his 5th-grade science students, “Our solar system is a part of a galaxy of millions of stars, called the ________________.”

Mr. Sander explained to his 6th-grade science students, “Most astronomers believe the theory that the universe began in a Big Bang about 14 __________ years ago.”

________ are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of Earth.

__________ happen because Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle and different parts of Earth receive more solar energy than others.

Miss Ranew explained to her 4th-grade science students that terms related to _____________ include crescent, gibbous, waxing, and waning.

Mrs. Mendoza asked her 6th-grade science class, “The first artificial satellite, Sputnik I, was launched into space by which country on April 12, 1961?” The correct answer is _________.

Mr. Sander explained to his 5th-grade science students, “Missions into space, including the International Space Station, are examples of mankind’s propensity to ______________.”

Mr. Ciencio explained to his 7th-grade science class that the space race referred to the competition between the USA and _______ for supremacy in human spaceflight.

Miss Elliot explained to her 6th-grade science students, “Personal computers, solar panels and LED lights are examples of technological advances from _________________, which have altered society and culture worldwide.”

Mr. Fisher told his 6th-grade science students about watching Apollo 11 on television. He explained that this first manned mission to land on the moon returned safely to Earth in July of ______.

___________ is the smallest planet in our solar system and the closest to the sun.

_________ is often called “the Red Planet” and has two moons.

____________, famous for its beautiful rings, is the second largest planet in our solar system.

Sometimes described as a “dirty snowball”, a ___________ is a small chunk of dust and ice that orbits, or travels around, the sun.

Often lumpy and shaped like a potato, ______________ is a chunk of rock and metal in outer space that tumbles as it orbits around the Sun.

The bright streak of light caused by a chunk of metal and rock from space falling through the atmosphere is called a ____________.

A ________ is a huge, glowing ball of gases. The closest ______ to Earth is the Sun.

The _________ is Earth’s largest natural satellite, and can usually be seen in the night sky.

Columbia was the first space-rated orbiter in NASA’s Space Shuttle fleet. It launched for the first time in April, _______.

The Hubble Space Telescope, launched into space in _______, is considered by many to be the most successful space observatory.

The first human to walk on the moon, a U.S. astronaut, was ______________ in July, 1969.

In 1961, _______________ became the first American to travel into space. In 1971, he walked on the Moon.

___________________ was a Soviet Air Forces pilot and cosmonaut who became the first human to journey into outer space.

_____________ is the branch of science that studies outer space, celestial bodies, and the universe.

_________________ (1564-1642) is considered the father of modern science, including observational astronomy.

When stars collapse, an area in space with gravity so intense even light cannot escape its pull is created. This area is called ______________.

_____________ is the branch of science that studies the origin and nature of the universe.

_____________ occurs when one celestial body blocks the light of the Sun from another.

A _____________ is a large cloud of dust in space, which might form into a star or planet.

The path a celestial object takes around a star or planet is called ____________.

A ___________ is a small object that orbits, or revolves around, a larger object in space.

The sun, Earth, and the other planets of the solar system are part of the Milky Way ____________.

A giant ball of hot gas and plasma that generates huge amounts of energy through nuclear fusion is called a ________.

A ______________ is an optical instrument that makes far away objects look closer by using a special arrangement of lenses and mirrors.

The acronym NASA stands for National _____________________.

In 1969, _____________ lands on the moon; Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the moon.

Distance in space is measured by ____________________, equal to about 93 million miles, the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun.

Astronomers call an area in the sky a _____________, which sometimes has a grouping of stars that form a pattern.