Civics-Cases-MyTest-01

Which COMPETENCY was used to compose this question?

In 1801, to secure Federalist influence, John Adams appointed many supporters to judicial positions just before the end of his presidency. Newly elected Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican, ordered his Secretary of State not to follow through with the appointments. This dispute came before the Supreme Court, giving it credibility and transforming it from a weak institution into a powerful branch of government equal to the others. The Court ruling also affirmed that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land and that any law that contradicts it is void.

• Marbury v. Madison (1803)
• McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
• Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
• Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)